Solve various percentage problems instantly. Calculate percentage increase, decrease, of a number, and more.
Percentages are fractions with a denominator of 100. They are used to express proportions, ratios, and changes in values.
Our calculator handles:
The word "percent" comes from the Latin "per centum" meaning "by the hundred".
Percentages are dimensionless numbers (pure numbers).
0% means nothing, 100% means everything.
Percentages are one of the most commonly used mathematical concepts in daily life, from calculating discounts and taxes to understanding interest rates and statistical data. Our free online percentage calculator simplifies complex percentage calculations, making it easy to solve various problems involving proportions, increases, decreases, and comparisons.
A percentage is a way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign (%). For example, 45% (read as "forty-five percent") is equal to 45/100 or 0.45. Percentages are dimensionless numbers, meaning they don't have units, which makes them ideal for comparing quantities of different sizes.
Consumers encounter percentages daily when shopping. Discount percentages help determine sale prices, while sales tax percentages calculate the additional cost of purchases. Understanding these percentages allows shoppers to make informed decisions and compare the true cost of items.
In finance, percentages are used to express interest rates, returns on investments, and fees. Annual Percentage Rates (APRs) help consumers compare loan costs, while percentage gains or losses show investment performance. Understanding these percentages is crucial for making sound financial decisions.
Businesses use percentages to analyze profit margins, market share, and growth rates. Economists use percentages to measure inflation, unemployment rates, and GDP growth. These percentages provide standardized ways to compare performance across different time periods and organizations.
In statistics, percentages are used to present data in an easily understandable format. Poll results, survey findings, and demographic information are often expressed as percentages to show proportions within a population. This standardization makes it easier to interpret and compare data.
Our calculator uses these fundamental formulas:
The concept of percentages has ancient origins. Roman taxes were often calculated as 1/100 of the value of goods, which is essentially a percentage calculation. The modern percent sign (%) evolved from the Italian "per cento" (for a hundred), which was abbreviated as "p cento" and eventually stylized into the current symbol.
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